Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI)
HealthSciences - Airway consists of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Upper respiratory tract airways are most often exposed to pollution exposure outside so often the first infection. The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose which then goes to the throat. After the throat, airway walk towards the lower respiratory tract, namely the trachea, then branched into tracheal bronchus, before heading to the lungs. If the bronchi are infected, it is called with bronchitis. Bronchitis is a common infection that causes inflammation in acute respiratory tract, and if it continues, it will cause irritation of the airways, especially lung.
Symptoms of bronchitis
Symptoms of bronchitis include cough mucus grayish yellow, sore throat, breath sounds and nasal congestion.
Acute bronchitis may have symptoms of cough and phlegm production that sometimes accompany an upper respiratory infection. In most cases, acute bronchitis is usually caused by a viral infection, but sometimes also caused by bacteria. If the condition of the patient's body's defense is good, the mucous membrane returns to normal after recovering from a lung infection early, which usually lasts for several days.
Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis is a serious long-term disorder that often requires regular medical care.
If the patient is a smoker and fell into a state of acute bronchitis, then it will be much more difficult for the patient to recover. Any damage to the airways due to smoking will destroy small structures in the lungs, called cilia (hairs in the mucosa), responsible for brushing out debris substances, irritants, and excess mucus.
If someone continues to smoke, this resulted in damage cilia cilia do not function properly, thus increasing the chances to become chronic bronchitis. In some heavy smokers, the mucous membranes lining the airways are inflamed and cilia eventually stop functioning altogether. The lungs are then vulnerable to viral and bacterial infections, from time to time, because the infection will erode and permanently damage lung airways. This permanent condition called COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Doctors can also do a breathing test, called spirometry, to see a child away after developing COPD.
Acute bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is very common. Disorders that often can be treated effectively without professional medical help. However, if you have symptoms that are severe or persistent (permanent), presence of high fever, or if you cough up blood, you must visit a doctor. If you have difficulty breathing or chest pain, immediately take it to the Emergency Unit.
If a person suffers from chronic bronchitis, then he is at risk of heart problems and lung disease more serious as well as other infections, so it should be monitored by a physician.
The main cause of bronchitis
What causes bronchitis ?
- Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a lung infection, 90% of which are virus. Recurrent attacks of acute bronchitis, can weaken and irritate the bronchial airways from time to time, which can lead to chronic bronchitis.
- Industrial pollution also be other causes.
In more advanced age, the industry is now more and more present. Chronic bronchitis is found in higher levels in areas such as coal mining industry where workers are exposed to dust and fumes. But the main cause is smoking the long term, that irritate the bronchial tubes and cause bronchial tract produces excessive mucus.
- Symptoms of chronic bronchitis is also exacerbated by high concentrations of sulfur dioxide and other pollutants in the atmosphere.
Symptoms of Bronchitis
What are the symptoms of bronchitis ?
Symptoms of acute bronchitis include :
- Hacking cough.
Sputum is yellow, white, or green, usually appear 24 to 48 hours after the cough starts.
- Fever, chills.
- Pain and tightness in the chest.
Pain under sternum during breathing deeply.
- Hard to breathe.
The symptoms of chronic bronchitis is :
Persistent cough (settled) that produces sputum yellow, white, or green (at least three months a year, and for more than two years in a row). Sometimes experiencing shortness of breath.
You should immediately see a doctor, if you have things like the following ;
- Coughing so severe that it interferes with sleep or daily activities or cause persistent chest pain, because cough as it could damage the air sacs in the lungs.
- Symptoms last more than a week, and the mucus becomes darker and thicker, the increased volume of sputum, or turns bloody.
- Acute bronchitis symptoms followed by lung problems or chronic heart, or infected with virus (HIV) that causes AIDS ; Respiratory infections can be made vulnerable to lung disease more serious, such as pneumonia.
- Has difficulty breathing. This may be a symptom of a medical condition such as asthma, emphysema or heart disease.
Treatment for bronchitis
What is the treatment for bronchitis?
Conventional treatment for acute bronchitis may consist of simple measures such as rest, drinking plenty of fluids, avoid the smoke, and perhaps get a prescription for inhaled bronchodilator and / or cough medicine.
In severe cases of chronic bronchitis, oral steroids or inhalers to reduce inflammation and / or supplemental oxygen may be needed.
In healthy people with bronchitis who had normal lungs and no chronic health problems, an infection may be caused by viruses, so antibiotics can't help.
Productive cough (a cough that produces sputum) often do come with acute bronchitis. This is the mechanism of the body to get rid of excess mucus. However, if the cough is really disturbing eg painful and exhausting or non-productive cough (dry and hoarse), then the doctor may recommend medications antitussive (cough suppressant).
In most cases, patients only need to do things that normally do when it's cold like the consumption of ibuprofen or paracetamol and drink plenty of fluids.
If a person has chronic bronchitis, lung susceptible to infection. Chronic bronchitis patients should get vaccinated against pneumonia, which usually only once vaccination. One vaccination will protect life against bacterial or viral strains of this disease. Sometimes a second shot, mentioned booster, is also required.
Don't take an antitussive (cough suppressant) without a prescription. Similarly, acute bronchitis, productive cough associated with chronic bronchitis is to help clean the lungs of excess mucus. In fact, the doctor may recommend an expectorant (thinning phlegm) if relatively dry cough.
However, if there is a change in the color, volume, or the thickness of phlegm, Patients falling in the condition of bacterial infection. In this case, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics to fight bacteria.
If you are overweight, your doctor will recommend losing weight to avoid undue stress on the heart.
If the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (as demonstrated by spirometry breathing test), many doctors prescribe a bronchodilator drug which temporarily helps dilate the airways.
However, the treatment of the most important and most successful for chronic bronchitis is to stop smoking. Doctors may also prescribe steroids to reduce inflammation in the airways.
In chronic bronchitis with COPD, if there are defects in the transfer of oxygen from the lungs into the bloodstream, doctors may prescribe oxygen therapy can be given in hospital.
If the patient smokes, then the doctor may recommend to stop smoking. Research shows that a person who quit smoking can be cured , although it has been under chronic bronchitis and severe COPD, not only can reduce the severity of symptoms, but also can improve their life expectancy is longer.
HealthSciences - Airway consists of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Upper respiratory tract airways are most often exposed to pollution exposure outside so often the first infection. The upper respiratory tract consists of the nose which then goes to the throat. After the throat, airway walk towards the lower respiratory tract, namely the trachea, then branched into tracheal bronchus, before heading to the lungs. If the bronchi are infected, it is called with bronchitis. Bronchitis is a common infection that causes inflammation in acute respiratory tract, and if it continues, it will cause irritation of the airways, especially lung.
Symptoms of bronchitis
Symptoms of bronchitis include cough mucus grayish yellow, sore throat, breath sounds and nasal congestion.
Acute bronchitis may have symptoms of cough and phlegm production that sometimes accompany an upper respiratory infection. In most cases, acute bronchitis is usually caused by a viral infection, but sometimes also caused by bacteria. If the condition of the patient's body's defense is good, the mucous membrane returns to normal after recovering from a lung infection early, which usually lasts for several days.
Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis is a serious long-term disorder that often requires regular medical care.
If the patient is a smoker and fell into a state of acute bronchitis, then it will be much more difficult for the patient to recover. Any damage to the airways due to smoking will destroy small structures in the lungs, called cilia (hairs in the mucosa), responsible for brushing out debris substances, irritants, and excess mucus.
If someone continues to smoke, this resulted in damage cilia cilia do not function properly, thus increasing the chances to become chronic bronchitis. In some heavy smokers, the mucous membranes lining the airways are inflamed and cilia eventually stop functioning altogether. The lungs are then vulnerable to viral and bacterial infections, from time to time, because the infection will erode and permanently damage lung airways. This permanent condition called COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Doctors can also do a breathing test, called spirometry, to see a child away after developing COPD.
Acute bronchitis
Acute bronchitis is very common. Disorders that often can be treated effectively without professional medical help. However, if you have symptoms that are severe or persistent (permanent), presence of high fever, or if you cough up blood, you must visit a doctor. If you have difficulty breathing or chest pain, immediately take it to the Emergency Unit.
If a person suffers from chronic bronchitis, then he is at risk of heart problems and lung disease more serious as well as other infections, so it should be monitored by a physician.
The main cause of bronchitis
What causes bronchitis ?
- Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a lung infection, 90% of which are virus. Recurrent attacks of acute bronchitis, can weaken and irritate the bronchial airways from time to time, which can lead to chronic bronchitis.
- Industrial pollution also be other causes.
In more advanced age, the industry is now more and more present. Chronic bronchitis is found in higher levels in areas such as coal mining industry where workers are exposed to dust and fumes. But the main cause is smoking the long term, that irritate the bronchial tubes and cause bronchial tract produces excessive mucus.
- Symptoms of chronic bronchitis is also exacerbated by high concentrations of sulfur dioxide and other pollutants in the atmosphere.
Symptoms of Bronchitis
What are the symptoms of bronchitis ?
Symptoms of acute bronchitis include :
- Hacking cough.
Sputum is yellow, white, or green, usually appear 24 to 48 hours after the cough starts.
- Fever, chills.
- Pain and tightness in the chest.
Pain under sternum during breathing deeply.
- Hard to breathe.
The symptoms of chronic bronchitis is :
Persistent cough (settled) that produces sputum yellow, white, or green (at least three months a year, and for more than two years in a row). Sometimes experiencing shortness of breath.
You should immediately see a doctor, if you have things like the following ;
- Coughing so severe that it interferes with sleep or daily activities or cause persistent chest pain, because cough as it could damage the air sacs in the lungs.
- Symptoms last more than a week, and the mucus becomes darker and thicker, the increased volume of sputum, or turns bloody.
- Acute bronchitis symptoms followed by lung problems or chronic heart, or infected with virus (HIV) that causes AIDS ; Respiratory infections can be made vulnerable to lung disease more serious, such as pneumonia.
- Has difficulty breathing. This may be a symptom of a medical condition such as asthma, emphysema or heart disease.
Treatment for bronchitis
What is the treatment for bronchitis?
Conventional treatment for acute bronchitis may consist of simple measures such as rest, drinking plenty of fluids, avoid the smoke, and perhaps get a prescription for inhaled bronchodilator and / or cough medicine.
In severe cases of chronic bronchitis, oral steroids or inhalers to reduce inflammation and / or supplemental oxygen may be needed.
In healthy people with bronchitis who had normal lungs and no chronic health problems, an infection may be caused by viruses, so antibiotics can't help.
Productive cough (a cough that produces sputum) often do come with acute bronchitis. This is the mechanism of the body to get rid of excess mucus. However, if the cough is really disturbing eg painful and exhausting or non-productive cough (dry and hoarse), then the doctor may recommend medications antitussive (cough suppressant).
In most cases, patients only need to do things that normally do when it's cold like the consumption of ibuprofen or paracetamol and drink plenty of fluids.
If a person has chronic bronchitis, lung susceptible to infection. Chronic bronchitis patients should get vaccinated against pneumonia, which usually only once vaccination. One vaccination will protect life against bacterial or viral strains of this disease. Sometimes a second shot, mentioned booster, is also required.
Don't take an antitussive (cough suppressant) without a prescription. Similarly, acute bronchitis, productive cough associated with chronic bronchitis is to help clean the lungs of excess mucus. In fact, the doctor may recommend an expectorant (thinning phlegm) if relatively dry cough.
However, if there is a change in the color, volume, or the thickness of phlegm, Patients falling in the condition of bacterial infection. In this case, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics to fight bacteria.
If you are overweight, your doctor will recommend losing weight to avoid undue stress on the heart.
If the patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (as demonstrated by spirometry breathing test), many doctors prescribe a bronchodilator drug which temporarily helps dilate the airways.
However, the treatment of the most important and most successful for chronic bronchitis is to stop smoking. Doctors may also prescribe steroids to reduce inflammation in the airways.
In chronic bronchitis with COPD, if there are defects in the transfer of oxygen from the lungs into the bloodstream, doctors may prescribe oxygen therapy can be given in hospital.
If the patient smokes, then the doctor may recommend to stop smoking. Research shows that a person who quit smoking can be cured , although it has been under chronic bronchitis and severe COPD, not only can reduce the severity of symptoms, but also can improve their life expectancy is longer.
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